Risers and Treads  are very important details that need well to be planned before starting the design of the staircase. Clear ideas on these elements of a stair would help in the designing the staircase in general. 
Risers and Treads Definitions
The tread on each stair stands horizontal where the foot is positioned while rising the steps. Generally, the depth is minimum 9 inches and that number is evaluated through the local building codes. Sometimes the treads on stairs are too broad, so the second step needed to keep it to the next stair.
The riser is the vertical part of every step. All stairs do not contain risers. And if they do, its height is set by the distance among the treads on the stairs. Some stairs, like those utilized outside or in utility spaces, do not contain a board among the treads. As it is possible to view among the treads to the space under the stairs, these riser-less steps are called as open tread. Generally maximum height for risers should be around 8 inches, but there are differences coming  with the construction area.
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