The ancient desert fortress of Masada stands on the eastern edge of the Judean Desert in Israel. The construction of the first structures on Masada belongs to the Hasmonaean king, Alexander Jannaeus in the early 1st century BC. However, most of the structures were built by Herod the Great during the latter half of that century. After conquering Masada in 42 BC, it became a safe refuge as well as a pleasure palace for Herod and his family during their long struggle for power in Israel. After the death of Herod in 4 BC, Masada turned into a military outpost and housed a Roman garrison.

en.wikipedia.org

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