The deep foundation has three most common types used in the construction fields: piles, piers and caissons. Piles are made of concrete, wood or steel and are slender structures put into the soil vertically. Also vertical columns are the piers with larger cross section than the piles (greater than 0.6 m diameter). They are installed in dry area in a specific terms showed in the presentation bellow.  Hollow watertight box or a chamber sunk trough the ground for laying foundation under the water. More info’s in the presentation slides bellow.

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